CHAPTER 12
THE CELL CYCLE

OBJECTIVES

  1. Explain when mitosis takes place. After an egg is fertilized? In skin cells? In liver cells? In muscle cells?*
  2. Describe the composition of chromosomes and explain how chromosomal structure changes in preparation for cell division.*
  3. Describe what occurs during the G1, S and G2 periods of interphase.*
  4. Distinguish between interphase and the mitotic (M) phase.*
  5. Describe a duplicated chromosome and list its components.
  6. List the steps of the mitosis and describe the events that occur, in detail.* Be able to describe the steps in your own words and by drawing pictures.
  7. Draw or describe the spindle apparatus including centrosomes, nonkinetochore microtubules, kinetochore microtubules.*
  8. Describe what characteristic changes occur in the spindle apparatus during each phase of mitosis.*
  9. Explain the current model for chromosomal movement and elongation of the cell.*
  10. What is the result of one round of mitosis? Four rounds of mitosis?
  11. Compare cytokinesis in animals and plants.*
  12. Describe the factors that can influence cell division.*
  13. Contrast cancer cells with normal cells.*
  14. What is Go?

KEY TERMS

cell division, genome, chromosomes, chromatin, sister chromatids, centromere, centriole, cell cycle, M phase, mitosis, cytokinesis, interphase, S phase, G1 phase, G2 phase, prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, mitotic spindle, centrosome, kinetochore microtubules, nonkinetochore microtubules, metaphase plate, cleavage furrow, cell plate, G1 checkpoint, quiescence (Go).