BIOLOGY 190

CHAPTER 7: MEMBRANE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

OBJECTIVES

1. Describe the primary structure and function of the plasma membrane based on the fluid mosaic model.*
2. Describe the movement of phospholipids within the bilayer.*
3. Describe how proteins are spatially arranged in the cell membrane and describe some of their roles within the membrane.*
4. Understand the role of cholesterol in animal membranes.*
5. Describe the role of carbohydrates.*
6. Distinguish between peripheral, integral, and transmembrane proteins.*
7. Distinguish between passive and active transport.*
8. Define selective permeability of membranes and distinguish between those substances that can permeate a lipid bilayer vs. those that require additional factors, such as transport proteins.*
9. Describe how the diffusion of one solute effects the diffusion of another solute.*
10. Define osmosis and the direction of water movement based upon differences in solute concentration. *
11. Describe how living cells with and without walls regulate water balance.*
12. Explain how transport proteins are similar to enzymes.
13. Describe two models for facilitated diffusion.*
14. Explain how active transport differs from diffusion.*
15. Explain how the sodium-potassium pump works.*
16. Explain how electrochemical gradients are generated.*
17. Explain how large molecules are transported across the cell membrane.*
18. Distinguish between exo- and endocytosis and give examples of the different types of endocytotic processes.*

KEY TERMS
Phospholipid bilayer, amphipathic, fluid mosaic model, integral proteins, peripheral proteins, selective permeability, diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, concentration gradient, solution, solvent, solute, hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic, membrane potential, electrochemical gradient, sodium-potassium pump, proton pump, exocytosis, endocytosis, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis.